If the object and image are the same distance from the mirror and magnification is 1, then as the object approaches the mirror at a certain speed, the image is approaching the plane mirror at the same speed, therefore you approach the image more quickly than you approach. The primary goals are to understand the relationship between image distance, object distance, and image scale. You can go here to learn more about the refraction of light. Trace the reflected rays from the concave mirror surface, also mark the focal point carefully. Optics workbook notes on light, reflection, refraction. Determination of focal length of a converging lens and mirror. Written by teachers for teachers and students, the physics classroom provides a wealth of resources that meets the varied needs of both students and teachers.
Use this method to determine f, focal length of the diverging lens as follow. Lenses and mirrors activity physics printable 6th12th. If you see a corner lets let me draw a hallway with corners youll sometimes see mirrors let me do it the other way youll sometimes see mirrors so that people well, the mirror might be out here so that you can see people as theyre coming around the corner. Homework resources in mirrors and lenses physics science.
Although it is possible to buy lenses that have aspherically curved surfaces, the vast majority of lenses have spherically curved surfaces. Kids learn about lenses and light in the science of physics including concave, convex, converging, diverging, focal point, meniscus, and plano lenses. It will give a virtual upright image if the object is within the focal length. Mirrors and lenses are used to produce the image of whatever placed in front of it. The diagrams on on page 4 of the accompanying pdf show a pencil placed at five different locations in front of a diverging lens. Since it is a concave mirror it has a positive focal length. The most apparent distinction between mirrors and lenses are that mirrors reflect light rays light bounces back while light rays are refracted passthrough through a lens. Two concave mirrors are placed on same principal axis. A convex lens gives a real, inverted image if the object is outside the focal length of the lens.
We will talk about how these things work using the following. In this trivia questions quiz, you will get to learn some more about the different lenses and mirrors and how they differ from each other. We will observe the imaging properties of mirrors and lenses at different object distances. Ray hits the vertex of mirror 1 and reflects with same angle. A compound microscope has two convex lenses, separated by 10. A spherical mirror consists of a small section of the surface of a sphere with one side of the surface covered with a polished reflecting material, usually silver or aluminum. In this lab you will study spherical lenses and mirrors. The image distance for a plane mirror is always equal to the object distance because the magnification is 1. Keep in mind that for an object to be considered a lens it must be made of a transparent material that has an index of refraction higher than air. Images in concave mirrors appear upside down, real and reduced. In todays lab, we will analyze several physical configurations using both biconvex lenses and concave mirrors. Spherical lenses problems the physics hypertextbook.
Lenses and mirrors activity after using reference materials to answer questions about lenses and mirrors, students will label each shape as convex or concave. A mirror is a glass surface with a silvery backing, that produces an image through reflection. Aug 07, 2016 this physics video tutorial provides the ray diagrams for a concave and convex mirror. Frankl your own mind is a sacred enclosure into which nothing harmful can enter except by your promotion. Plane mirrors science and mathematics education research group supported by ubc teaching and learning enhancement fund 20122014 department of curriculum and pedagogy a place of mind f a c u l t y o f e d u c a t i o n. It focuses primarily on the wave and ray descriptions of light, but also includes a brief introduction to the quantum description of light. Optical bench converging lens and diverging lens light source as an object viewing screen mirror halfscreen procedure. A plane mirror is a flat, smooth surface from which light is reflected by regular reflection rather than by diffuse reflection. Use the classic optics bench with lenses and mirrors with the nonstandard realtime ray diagram to learn all about the science of light. Here, the newspaper is the object and the focal point is where the image needs to be located. In this video i will introduce the objects, focal points, images of the converging and diverging lenses, and concave and convex mirrors. The focal lengths of a biconvex lens and a concave mirror are shown in figures 1 and 2, respectively.
The same sort of rules apply, just with a few modifications. In this experiment you will find images created by lenses and mirrors and study the laws that. Discover the relationships among object position, image. Image formation for mirrors and lenses type focal length f object distance s image distance s character orientation size concave mirror converging lens f 0 s 2f f 2f real inverted enlarged s pdf and an editable version of each of the following. Telescopes, microscopes, cameras, projectors, your eyes, all have one thing in common.
Lenses or mirrors with flat surfaces are said to have an infinite radius of curvature. By using refraction, lenses can bend multiple light rays. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Use the lensmakers equation to determine the focal length of a thin lens. And you see these types of mirrors all the time, especially around corners. A lens is a curved piece of glass or plastic designed to refract light in a specific. However, when you move closer to the mirror, the image enlarges moving closer to the mirror rightside up, virtual image. Lecture notes optics pdf 57p this note covers the following topics. This physics video tutorial provides the ray diagrams for a concave and convex mirror.
For lenses, a real image forms on the opposite side of the object, as shown in figure 4. Physics 106 lab lenses and mirrors physics dept home. Mirrors when an object is placed between the focal point f and a concave mirror, the image is virtual, upright, and magnified as in the case of images from flat mirrors, a virtual image is one from which light appears to be emanating but through which light does not pass, e. Become familiar with the nature of the images formed by plane and spherical mirrors. Pdf optical images due to lenses and mirrors researchgate. University physics 227n232n mirrors and lenses todd satogata. In this experiment you will find images created by lenses and mirrors and study the laws that describe them. Just how much do you know about the different types of lenses and mirrors. Learn to distinguish between real and virtual images. It is proven in introductory physics textbooks1 that the image and. Concave mirrors and convex mirrors ray diagram equations. Place the paper on the ray table and adjust the mirror on top so that the rays are parallel to the optical axis.
Lenses and mirrors static web pages for physics and. Find the distance from the object to the lens, and the distance of the image to the lens, by subtracting out the distance from the lens to the eye. A microscope, for example, is a compound lens system with two converging lenses. The subject of mirrors and lenses is difficult to treat briefly first because for a thorough discussion there needs to be considerable attention to sign convention and second because different instructors and authors approach the. From the top of the object towards the lens parallel to the optical axis and it refracts through the focal point on the other side of the lens. Keep in mind that for an object to be considered a lens it must be made of a transparent material. Jun 16, 2016 in this video i will introduce the objects, focal points, images of the converging and diverging lenses, and concave and convex mirrors. Light parallel to the principal axis a converges toward f after reflection from a concave mirror, and b diverges from f after reflection from a convex mirror. This editable, 64page workbook provides lessons and homework covering light, electromagnetic spectrum and types of em waves, protecting yourself from the suns radiation, light production, properties of light, images in plane mirrors, curved mirrors including ray diagrams. In class you have studied the physics of thin lenses and spherical mirrors.
Adjust the position of the lens and the slit plate to obtain parallel rays on the ray table. Concave converging mirror top and convex diverging mirror bottom. The goal of the experiment is to be able to analyze ray diagrams so as to determine fundamental properties of image formation. Geometric optics converging lenses and mirrors physics lab iv objective in this set of lab exercises, the basic properties geometric optics concerning converging lenses and mirrors will be explored. The purpose of this lab is to introduce students to some of the properties of thin lenses and mirrors. The components of the experiment, that is, the optics device lens or mirror, object and image screen, will be placed on a meter stick and may be repositioned easily. Since lenses pass light through them unlike mirrors it is useful to draw a focal point on each side of the lens for ray tracing. Lenses and mirrors static web pages for physics and astronomy.
Lenses in optics applications types of lenses physics. Two prisms can bend light toward the principal axis acting like a crude converging lens but. Using a ruler or other straight edge and the ray tracing methods described in this section, locate and draw the image of the pencil. Lenses lenses refract light in such a way that an image of the light source is formed. Types of lenses there are different ways to classify lenses. Depending on the position of the object, the nature of image may vary, i. Optics exam2 and problem solutions physics tutorials. All the questions on this quiz are based on information that can be found at physics. It also contains a few examples and practice problems along with the equations needed to solve it. Spherical mirrors and lenses in this lab we will study the focusing and imaging of spherical mirrors and lenses. Typically such a mirror is not a complete sphere, but a spherical cap a piece sliced from a larger imaginary sphere with a single cut.
A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. R is the radius of curvature and c 1r is the curvature of the surface. A lens is a transparent device with two curved surfaces, usually made of glass or plastic, that uses refraction to form an image of an object. The application of the thin lens equation and the magni. Difference between mirror and lens with comparison chart. Rays of light parallel to the principal axis after reflection from a convex mirror get diverged and appear to come from a point behind the mirror. Image formation for mirrors and lenses type focal length f object distance s image distance s character orientation size concave mirror converging lens f 0 s 2f f 2f real inverted enlarged s 0 s mirrors and lenses.
Lenses remembering the basics of mirrors puts you half ways towards fully understanding lenses as well. The subject of mirrors and lenses is difficult to treat briefly first because for a thorough discussion there needs to be considerable attention to sign convention and second because different instructors and authors approach the subject with slight, but very significant differences that impact the working of problems. The physics convex lenses are converging lenses, and concave lenses are diverging lenses. Trace the outline of the mirror on a piece of paper. Concave mirrors curve inward, creating a focal point in front of the mirror. For the curved mirror, a real image forms on the same side as the object, as shown in figure 2. For webquest or practice, print a copy of this quiz at the physics.
A lens is a transparent substance of glass or plastic, bound by two surfaces, whose at least one surface is curved. Most of the lenses we use in everyday life are designed to bend light rays to a specific focal point where items will be in focus clear. There are always 3 rays that we draw in our diagrams 1. Here are some useful rays in determining the nature of the images formed by converging and diverging lens. One of the easiest shapes to analyze is the spherical mirror. The focal length, f, is the distance between f and the lens. First we need the object and image distances away from the eyeglass lenses.
There are two types of lenses, and they each change the perspective of how things look. Mirrors, which have curved surfaces designed to reflect rays, also form images. As all who have ever tried lens and mirror calculations know, the biggest difficulty we have to face is that of the. From the top of the object towards the lens going through the focal point and it refracts parallel to the optical axis through the lens. Ray, coming from first mirror turns back with same path after reflecting. The physics classroom teacher toolkits lenses image formation by lenses the image formation by lenses toolkit provides teachers with standardsbased resources for designing lesson plans and units that pertain to such topics as refraction of light by lenses, formation of images by lenses, characteristics of images formed by lenses, and the. A mirror is usually of a glass or a metal, but a lens is of glass or plastic. Convex parabolic mirrors video mirrors khan academy. May 07, 2020 just how much do you know about the different types of lenses and mirrors.
The primary goals are to understand the relationship between. A system of lenses and or mirrors forms an image by gathering rays from an object and then causes them to converge or diverge. Ifthe outside, or convex surface, is silvered, we have a convex mirror. The working principle of the mirror is the law of reflection. One characteristic feature of all thin lenses and concave mirrors is the focal length, f, and is defined as the image distance of an object that is positioned infinitely far way. This book provides an introduction to the eld of optics from a physics perspective. In this science printable, students will also define hyperopia and myopia and identify the type of lens used to correct each condition. The meter stick is used to determine the position of each component. This is a zipped folder containing a pdf and an editable version of each of the following. This optics workbook is going to save you and your students so much time in your physics and science classes. The physics classroom serves students, teachers and classrooms by providing classroomready resources that utilize an easytounderstand language that makes learning interactive and multidimensional.
How to solve physics problems mirrors and lenses problems. With a converging lens, paraxial rays that are parallel to the principal axis converge to the focal point, f. A spherical surface is simply some portion of the surface of a sphere. One important thing to note is that with two lenses and you can extend the argument for more than two, the magnification factor m for the two lens system is the product of the two individual magnification factors.
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